They are also lighter, and occupy a lower volume. LCD units generate less heat than CRTs an advantage in a congested instrument panel. Thus, spares holding is simplified: the one display unit can be fitted in any position. The information displayed is determined by the system interfaces where the display units are fitted. The PFD and navigation display (and multi-function display, where fitted) are often physically identical. Another option is to use one large screen to show both the PFD and navigation display. Multi-function displays can render a separate navigation display unnecessary. Additional information is both superimposed on and arranged around this graphic. However, a simulated ADI is only the centerpiece of the PFD. The names Electronic Attitude Director Indicator and Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator are used by some manufacturers. PFDs also increase situational awareness by alerting the aircrew to unusual or potentially hazardous conditions - for example, low airspeed, high rate of descent - by changing the color or shape of the display or by providing audio alerts. The PFD is designed to improve a pilot's situational awareness by integrating this information into a single display instead of six different analog instruments, reducing the amount of time necessary to monitor the instruments. The PFD displays all information critical to flight, including calibrated airspeed, altitude, heading, attitude, vertical speed and yaw. If a separate display replaces the HSI, it is called the navigation display. The display unit that replaces the artificial horizon is called the primary flight display (PFD). On the flight deck, the display units are the most obvious parts of an EFIS system, and are the features that lead to the term glass cockpit. Now, however, few flight deck instruments cannot be replaced by an electronic display.ĭisplay units Primary flight display (PFD) The complex electromechanical attitude director indicator (ADI) and horizontal situation indicator (HSI) were the first candidates for replacement by EFIS. Early EFIS models used cathode ray tube (CRT) displays, but liquid crystal displays (LCD) are now more common.
An EFIS normally consists of a primary flight display (PFD), multi-function display (MFD), and an engine indicating and crew alerting system (EICAS) display. In aviation, an electronic flight instrument system ( EFIS) is a flight instrument display system in an aircraft cockpit that displays flight data electronically rather than electromechanically.
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